Of Wizards and Bards
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Many of the more interesting facets of video game history continue to be blogged about over at The Digital Antquarian, with the latest entry focusing on the competition during the 1980s between the first handful of titles in Sir-tech's Wizardry series, ORIGIN's Ultima series, and Interplay's The Bard's Tale series, as well as their relative strengths and weaknesses. A sampling:
In the competition between the two 800-pound gorillas of the industry, Wizardry won the first round with both the critics and the public. Compared to Ultima I, Wizardry I garnered more attention and more superlative reviews, and engendered a more dedicated cult of players and outsold its rival by at least a two to one margin. Wizardry'˜s victory wasn't undeserved; with its attention to balance and polish, its sophisticated technical underpinnings, and its extensive testing, Wizardry felt like a game created by and for grown-ups, in contrast to the admittedly charming-in-its-own-way Ultima, which felt like the improvised ramblings of a teenager. (A very bright teenager and one hell of a rambler, mind you, but still.) The commercial rewards were immense. The first Wizardry sold over 200,000 copies in its first three years, an achievement made even more remarkable when we consider that almost all of those were sold for a single platform, the Apple II, along with a smattering of IBM PC sales. While Infocom's Zork may have managed similar numbers, it had the luxury of running on virtually every computer in the industry.
As early as 1982, however, the tables were beginning to turn. Richard Garriott continued to push Ultima forward, making games that were not just bigger but richer, prettier, and gradually more accessible, reaping critical and commercial rewards. As for Wizardry. well, therein lies a tale of misplaced priorities and missed opportunities and plain old mismanagement sufficient to make an MBA weep. While Ultima turned outward to welcome ever more new players to its ranks, Wizardry turned inward to the players who had bought its first iteration, sticking obstinately to its roots and offering bigger and ever more difficult games, but otherwise hardly changing at all through its first four sequels. You can probably guess which approach ended up being the more artistically and commercially satisfying. One could say that Ultima did not so much win this competition as Wizardry forfeited somewhere around the third round. Robert Woodhead, Andrew Greenberg, and Sir-Tech did just about everything right through the release of the first two games; after that they did everything just as thoroughly wrong.
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But insane difficulty is only part of the tale of Wizardry IV. It has another dubious honor, that of being one of the first notable specimens of a species that gamers would get all too familiar with in the years to come: that hot game of the perpetually (just around the corner!) variety. Sir-Tech originally planned to release Wizardry IV for the 1984 holiday season, just about a year after Legacy of Llylgamyn and thus right on schedule by the standard of the time. They felt so confident of this that, what with the lengthy lead times of print journalism, they told inCider magazine to just announce the title as already available in their November 1984 issue. It didn't make it. In fact it took a staggering three more years, until late 1987, for Wizardry IV to finally appear, at which time inCider dutifully reported that Sir-Tech had spent all that time (polishing) the game. Those expecting a mirror shine must have been disappointed to see the same old engine with the same old wire-frame graphics. In addition to being unspeakably difficult, it was also ugly, an anachronism from a different era. Any remaining claim that the Wizardry franchise might have had to standing shoulder to shoulder with Ultima either commercially or artistically was killed dead by The Return of Werdna. Beginning with Wizardry V and especially VI, Sir-Tech would repair some of the damage with the help of a new designer, D.W. Bradley, but the franchise would never again be as preeminent in North America as it had in those salad days of 1981 and 1982.
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The Bard's Tale'˜s original touches, while by no means entirely absent, tinker with the Wizardry formula more than revamp it. Instead of doing everything outside of the dungeons via a simple textual menu system, you now have an entire town with a serious monster infestation of its own to explore. In the town of Skara Brae you can find not only equipment shops and temples and all the other stops typical of the errand-running adventurer but also the entrances to the dungeons themselves five of them, with a total of 16 levels between them, as opposed to the original Wizardry'˜s single dungeon of 10 slightly smaller and generally simpler levels. But the most obvious way that The Bard's Tale asserts its individuality is in the whimsical character class of the bard himself, who can perform magic by playing songs; you actually hear his songs playing on your computer, another flourish The Bard's Tale has over its inspiration. More importantly, he lends the game some of his lovably roguish personality: (When the going gets tough, the bard goes drinking,) ran the headline of EA's advertisements. The official name of the game is actually Tales of the Unknown, Volume 1: The Bard's Tale; the rather white-bread Tales of the Unknown, in other words, was originally intended as the franchise's name, The Bard's Tale as the mere subtitle of this installment. Interplay originally planned to call the next game The Archmage's Tale, next stop in a presumed cycling through many fantasy character archetypes. The bard proved so popular, however, such an indelible part of the game's personality and public image, that those plans were quickly set aside. The next game was released as The Bard's Tale II: The Destiny Knight, the Tales of the Unknown moniker quietly retired.
Commodore 64 owners especially, starved as they had been of the Wizardry experience for years, set upon The Bard's Tale like a horde of the mad dogs who are some of the first monsters you encounter in its labyrinths. Combined with EA's usual slick marketing, their pent-up desire was more than enough to make it a massive, massive success, the first CRPG not named Wizardry to be able to challenge the Ultima franchise head to head in terms of sales, if not quite critical respect (it was hard for even the forgiving gaming press of the 1980s to completely overlook just how derivative a game it was). The Bard's Tale is the game that made Interplay a force to be reckoned with. They would remain one of the major creative forces in gaming for the next decade and a half; we'll have occasion to visit their story again and in more detail in future articles.
Thanks, RPG Codex!
